ABSTRACT
Social innovation and social entrepreneurship were rarely discussed till the 19th century. However, the topic has been in the limelight extensively since 1950. Moreover, the linkage between social innovation and social entrepreneurship still needs to be explored, especially in developing sides of the world where social entrepreneurship is required to optimize social and economic parameters. In fact, there is a severe increase in the level of opportunities for social entrepreneurship. The increase in the level of opportunities is massive, especially due to globalization. Therefore, this chapter has been written purposefully to reflect the role of social entrepreneurship with examples and opportunities for social entrepreneurship with reference to the developing sides of the world. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The aim of the study is to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic has taken entrepreneurship in its fold across different situations and from different geographic locations. This is a review study in which an extensive review is conducted from extant and relevant literature. The searching of the articles is based on the major research constructs of the study, which are entrepreneurship, small business, SMEs, entrepreneurs, and employees with relation to the COVID-19. As COVID-19 is a burning issue, therefore, the time frame of the search was from January 2020 to January 2021. Based on the review, a conceptual model was developed in which hypotheses are proposed. The finding of the study indicates that small business is always vulnerable in disasters as compared to any other forms of the economic mechanism. Entrepreneurial activities are at the front to receive warnings and threats from the pandemic situation where survival becomes very challenging without the support and relief of the respective countries' government and their policies. This study provides implications for international organisations, non-government organisations, government agencies, and policymakers to design strategies and approaches to support small businesses through different relief and packages. This study contributes to the literature and enhances understanding about the COVID-19, and its influence on the entrepreneurial activities. However, to the best of the author's knowledge, this is a novel study that incorporates more emphasis on entrepreneurs, employees, and SMEs into the research on COVID-19. © 2022 World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
ABSTRACT
This study aims to determine the plans and strategies adopted by the hotel industry during the COVID-19 crisis. In order to conduct this study, a qualitative research methodology was used where semi-structured interviews were conducted from three countries: Austria, Pakistan, and Indonesia. Interviews were conducted online with the help of applications such as Skype, WhatsApp, and Zoom. A thematic analysis was conducted in which codes, categories, and final themes were generated. The final themes are the study's findings, which are strategies for employees, strategies for customers, strategies for SME hotels, and strategies for the staff. Strategies for employees indicate the planning and programs of the SME Hotels. The study's findings show that strategies adopted by the hotel industries vary from country to country while depending on the contextual factors and role of the government. Most Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) hotels in developing countries are less familiar with how to react and survive in the conditions of the crises. Thus, this study can benefit the different stakeholders in the developed and developing countries for adopting strategies and maintain their business during the crises of the COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
Purpose COVID-19 pandemic triggered unexpected crises, which were beyond the imaginations of a common man. It changed the order of routine life and the business world. In this challenging condition, the survival of the small business was at high risk. Following experiential learning theory, the purpose of this paper is to explore women's entrepreneurial learning obtained during the COVID-19 pandemic, the challenges experienced by them and strategies undertaken to transform businesses. Design/methodology/approach To explore Pakistani women entrepreneurs' lived experiences and learning during the COVID-19, researchers used a qualitative interview design. The interviewees reported their experiences about the effects of COVID-19 on their business and entrepreneurial learning from such a crisis. Findings The findings of the study indicate new fractions of knowledge from the novel learning of the female entrepreneurs throughout the experience of the COVID-19. The transformation from manual business dealings and financial transactions to virtual dealing and the online transaction was the addition of novel learning. Furthermore, the analysis provides insights into the challenges experienced by women entrepreneurs, strategies undertaken and lessons learned from COVID-19. The life lessons learned showed the importance of technical skills and their business operations during the crisis. Research limitations/implications This study is very specific in its context and limitations of this study offers new avenue for research to extend study in different perspectives. First, interviews were conducted from women entrepreneurs running businesses in sub-urban cities of Pakistan, where study can be extended to include both male and female in a comparative study which can expose new dimensions. Second, this study is conducted in the sub-urban areas of the Sindh province of Pakistan, which can be extended to other areas of the country because Pakistan is multicultural and multilingual, which offer different gender specific factors for entrepreneurial activities in general terms but in case of the Covid-19 situation, there exists great variations and social stratifications. Third, this study can be extended to other developing or developed countries or comparative study can provide a new flavor of knowledge. Practical implications The study's finding offers few implications for the entrepreneurs, societies and government at large. Although the pandemic crisis has had devastating effects on health and lifestyle activities, there is always a ray of coming to innovative approaches to fulfill the entrepreneurial desires and serve the community. Thus, entrepreneurs are encouraged to contribute to the economy as a part of society through their sustainable products and services for the greater good. There is also a need for some social policies to find entrepreneurial ways to deal with the COVID-19 crisis that integrates value co-creation for society (Ratten, 2020b). Government and society should also intervene and play their role to encourage women entrepreneurs to feel a sense of empowerment, contribute to family income, alleviate poverty, create jobs and help in economic growth. Originality/value This study's unique contribution and origin are to explore the COVID-19-related entrepreneurial learning experiences of women entrepreneurs in a developing country (Pakistan). Moreover, this study theoretically contributes to the development of experiential learning theory by expanding its insights during COVID-19.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected all countries of the world and has sparked fears of more challenges and recession. Lockdown, social distance, and quarantine conditions have restricted all the business routine. It has unlocked the inflation, poverty, and unemployment, which has increased the world economic burden. A review study is conducted in global perspective. The study helps to understand the economic shocks caused by the COVID-19 an its impact on the important sectors and actors. Based on this study, it can be predicted based on the existing situation that it can trigger inequilities in the societies and economic disparity.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected all countries of the world and has sparked fears of more challenges and recession. Lockdown, social distance, and quarantine conditions have restricted all the business routine. It has unlocked the inflation, poverty, and unemployment, which has increased the world economic burden. A review study is conducted in global perspective. The study helps to understand the economic shocks caused by the COVID-19 an its impact on the important sectors and actors. Based on this study, it can be predicted based on the existing situation that it can trigger inequilities in the societies and economic disparity. © 2021 Discrete and Continuous Dynamical Systems - Series B. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
This paper documents, information about the current outbreak of Corona virus and its multidimensional effects witnessed worldwide. The objective of the study is to disseminate information to policymakers, government and the general public, to facilitate the efforts for fighting against the contagious virus and aims to contribute to the economic and social welfare. Though the data changes rapidly by every passing minute, yet the current scenario may be analyzed to evaluate the present situation for a fruitful outcome. Hence, the discussion may be useful for all the stakeholders (government, policymakers and the public) for their reference. Various studies previously observed that widespread contagious diseases have a severe impact on the economy. It is observed that the faster and wider the outbreak of disease, the higher and severer the influence on the economies. The economies face shrinkage of income, revenue, earnings, while health expenditure increases for hospitals, medical kits, ventilators, uniforms, masks, gloves, medicines and other medical equipment. Therefore, it has a two-pronged adversely hitting effect on economies to manage the imbalance in the budget and fiscal matters. Another unfortunate situation is when the high populated country is poor too. The world has realized the effects of the different contagious viruses in the different times in history. Nevertheless, the virulence and the severity of the COVID-19 is far greater than the previous viral breakouts. We, in this research attempt to highlight the multidimensional effects of COVID-19 and create some possibilities how to deal and fight with this cruel and invisible enemy. © 2020 ASTES Publishers. All rights reserved.